Paper 1 H - SAMPLE SET 1 Q8
(8) (a) All objects emit electromagnetic radiation.
The intensity and wavelength of the emitted radiation vary with the temperature of the object.
Figure 12 shows this variation for a filament lamp at two different temperatures.
The visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum is also shown.
The intensity and wavelength of the emitted radiation vary with the temperature of the object.
Figure 12 shows this variation for a filament lamp at two different temperatures.
The visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum is also shown.
(i) Explain why a filament lamp appears brighter and less red as its temperature increases. (4)
(ii) The intensity of gamma radiation can be measured using a Geiger-Müller tube and counter.
The count rate recorded by the counter tube depends on how far away the Geiger-Müller tube is from the gamma radiation source.
The equation relating count rate to distance from the source is:
(ii) The intensity of gamma radiation can be measured using a Geiger-Müller tube and counter.
The count rate recorded by the counter tube depends on how far away the Geiger-Müller tube is from the gamma radiation source.
The equation relating count rate to distance from the source is:
where d is the distance from the source and k is a constant.
A Geiger-Müller tube is placed 0.70 m from a source of gamma radiation. The counter displays a count rate of 85 000 count per minute.
Calculate the count rate recorded when the Geiger-Müller tube is placed 1.3 m away from the same gamma radiation source. (3)
A Geiger-Müller tube is placed 0.70 m from a source of gamma radiation. The counter displays a count rate of 85 000 count per minute.
Calculate the count rate recorded when the Geiger-Müller tube is placed 1.3 m away from the same gamma radiation source. (3)
count rate = .............................................. counts per minute
(b) Sulfates and black soot are particles formed by industrial processes.
Some of these particles are found in the atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean.
The sulfates stay in the atmosphere and reflect (scatter) sunlight.
The black soot falls onto the Arctic ice.
Discuss how a reduction in these industrial processes is likely to affect the temperature of the atmosphere. (6)
(Total for Question 8 = 13 marks)
Some of these particles are found in the atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean.
The sulfates stay in the atmosphere and reflect (scatter) sunlight.
The black soot falls onto the Arctic ice.
Discuss how a reduction in these industrial processes is likely to affect the temperature of the atmosphere. (6)
(Total for Question 8 = 13 marks)