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B1: Quiz 11 – Answers
B1: Quiz 11 – Answers
1)
a) Active transport in the net movement of particles against a concentration gradient (from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration)
b) Energy is required for active transport to take place and the energy is obtained from respiration reactions (you do not need to give the equation for respiration, but the equation is; glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water [+ energy])
c) From left to right
2)
a) The plant uses the mineral ions for growth, development and repair
b) There is a higher concentration of mineral ions inside the root hair cells compared to outside the root hair cells/ in the soil. If left to diffusion, the mineral ions would move from the root hair cells (high concentration) to the soil (low concentration) – the plant would lose mineral ions. As the plant needs the mineral ions for healthy growth, it needs to engage in active transport to take the mineral ions from an area of low concentration (the soil) to an area of high concentration (inside the root hair cells).
c) Active transport requires energy from respiration. Respiration reacts glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy. Waterlogged soil contains little or no oxygen, which means that respiration reactions cannot take place. If respiration reactions do not take place, there will be no energy produced, thus meaning that the root hair cells cannot engage in active transport and bring in mineral ions. This may result in the plant not taking in enough nutrients, which can restrict the growth and development of the plant.
3)
a) Any two from glucose, amino acids, minerals/ vitamins etc.
b)
i) No, the cells do not need to undertake active transport. When there is a higher concentration of nutrients in the gut and a lower concentration in the bloodstream, the gut will absorb nutrients by diffusion as diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration (the gut) to an area of low concentration (the bloodstream)
ii) Yes, the cells do need to undertake active transport. When there is a higher concentration of nutrients in the bloodstream and a lower concentration in the gut, the nutrients would go from the bloodstream into the gut if left to diffusion. Therefore, the cells in the gut need to engage in active transport to take nutrients from the gut (low concentration) into the bloodstream (high concentration).
iii) The ability of the cells in the gut to engage in active transport ensures that nutrients always goes from the gut into the bloodstream. This means that individuals have plenty of nutrients for healthy growth/ repair.
a) Active transport in the net movement of particles against a concentration gradient (from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration)
b) Energy is required for active transport to take place and the energy is obtained from respiration reactions (you do not need to give the equation for respiration, but the equation is; glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water [+ energy])
c) From left to right
2)
a) The plant uses the mineral ions for growth, development and repair
b) There is a higher concentration of mineral ions inside the root hair cells compared to outside the root hair cells/ in the soil. If left to diffusion, the mineral ions would move from the root hair cells (high concentration) to the soil (low concentration) – the plant would lose mineral ions. As the plant needs the mineral ions for healthy growth, it needs to engage in active transport to take the mineral ions from an area of low concentration (the soil) to an area of high concentration (inside the root hair cells).
c) Active transport requires energy from respiration. Respiration reacts glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy. Waterlogged soil contains little or no oxygen, which means that respiration reactions cannot take place. If respiration reactions do not take place, there will be no energy produced, thus meaning that the root hair cells cannot engage in active transport and bring in mineral ions. This may result in the plant not taking in enough nutrients, which can restrict the growth and development of the plant.
3)
a) Any two from glucose, amino acids, minerals/ vitamins etc.
b)
i) No, the cells do not need to undertake active transport. When there is a higher concentration of nutrients in the gut and a lower concentration in the bloodstream, the gut will absorb nutrients by diffusion as diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration (the gut) to an area of low concentration (the bloodstream)
ii) Yes, the cells do need to undertake active transport. When there is a higher concentration of nutrients in the bloodstream and a lower concentration in the gut, the nutrients would go from the bloodstream into the gut if left to diffusion. Therefore, the cells in the gut need to engage in active transport to take nutrients from the gut (low concentration) into the bloodstream (high concentration).
iii) The ability of the cells in the gut to engage in active transport ensures that nutrients always goes from the gut into the bloodstream. This means that individuals have plenty of nutrients for healthy growth/ repair.
Questions
1)
a) Give a definition of active transport.
b) Is energy required for active transport to take place? If energy is required, how is this energy obtained?
c) The diagram below shows the distribution of some particles both outside and inside a cell.
1)
a) Give a definition of active transport.
b) Is energy required for active transport to take place? If energy is required, how is this energy obtained?
c) The diagram below shows the distribution of some particles both outside and inside a cell.
The cell undertakes active transport; will the net movement of these particles be from left to right or from right to left?
2) Root hair cells undertake active transport to bring in as many mineral ions as possible.
a) What does the plant use these mineral ions for?
b) Why do the root hair cells need to undertake active transport to bring in these mineral ions rather than using diffusion?
c) A plant is growing in soil that is waterlogged. How does waterlogged soil create an issue for root hair cells with respect to bringing in mineral ions? Also, discuss what effect this could have on the growth and development of the plant.
3) Active transport happens in humans inside the gut.
a) Give two substances that are taken into the bloodstream from the gut by active transport.
b)
i) If there was a higher concentration of nutrients in the gut compared to the bloodstream, would the cells in the gut need to engage in active transport? Explain your answer.
ii) If there was a higher concentration of nutrients in the bloodstream compared to the gut, would the cells in the gut need to engage in active transport? Explain your answer.
iii) Why is it useful that the cells in the gut have the ability to engage in active transport?
2) Root hair cells undertake active transport to bring in as many mineral ions as possible.
a) What does the plant use these mineral ions for?
b) Why do the root hair cells need to undertake active transport to bring in these mineral ions rather than using diffusion?
c) A plant is growing in soil that is waterlogged. How does waterlogged soil create an issue for root hair cells with respect to bringing in mineral ions? Also, discuss what effect this could have on the growth and development of the plant.
3) Active transport happens in humans inside the gut.
a) Give two substances that are taken into the bloodstream from the gut by active transport.
b)
i) If there was a higher concentration of nutrients in the gut compared to the bloodstream, would the cells in the gut need to engage in active transport? Explain your answer.
ii) If there was a higher concentration of nutrients in the bloodstream compared to the gut, would the cells in the gut need to engage in active transport? Explain your answer.
iii) Why is it useful that the cells in the gut have the ability to engage in active transport?