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B3: Quiz 6 – Answers
B3: Quiz 6 – Answers
1)
a) Any one from an inactive form of the pathogen, a weakened form of the pathogen, the antigens from the pathogen etc
b) The B-lymphocytes (white blood cells) will bind to the inactive or weakened pathogen from the vaccine and produce antibodies. The B-lymphocyte will then turn into a memory cell that remembers the correct antibody for that pathogen
c) When the individual is infected with the actual pathogen, the memory B-lymphocytes will produce antibodies extremely quickly and these antibodies will fight off the pathogen
2) The individual who is given a vaccine will likely become immune to the pathogen that the vaccine is for, thus meaning that they won’t become ill/ die from the pathogen
3)
a) Epidemics are where there is a large outbreak of an infectious disease within a community or country
b) Vaccinations reduce the chances of epidemics because they reduce the number of individuals in society with the disease (the disease is less prolific in society). This reduces the chances of catching the disease for everyone in society, which benefits both the vaccinated and the unvaccinated.
4) Individuals with weakened immune systems such as the young, old and those with underlying health conditions
5) Smallpox
6) The negatives are:
a) Any one from an inactive form of the pathogen, a weakened form of the pathogen, the antigens from the pathogen etc
b) The B-lymphocytes (white blood cells) will bind to the inactive or weakened pathogen from the vaccine and produce antibodies. The B-lymphocyte will then turn into a memory cell that remembers the correct antibody for that pathogen
c) When the individual is infected with the actual pathogen, the memory B-lymphocytes will produce antibodies extremely quickly and these antibodies will fight off the pathogen
2) The individual who is given a vaccine will likely become immune to the pathogen that the vaccine is for, thus meaning that they won’t become ill/ die from the pathogen
3)
a) Epidemics are where there is a large outbreak of an infectious disease within a community or country
b) Vaccinations reduce the chances of epidemics because they reduce the number of individuals in society with the disease (the disease is less prolific in society). This reduces the chances of catching the disease for everyone in society, which benefits both the vaccinated and the unvaccinated.
4) Individuals with weakened immune systems such as the young, old and those with underlying health conditions
5) Smallpox
6) The negatives are:
- The vaccines are not 100% effective, so you may still become seriously ill or die from the pathogen despite taking the vaccine
- Some individuals can have bad reactions to the vaccine
Questions
1)
a) What is contained in a vaccine that is injected into individuals?
b) After an individual has been injected with a vaccine, what do the B-lymphocytes do?
c) What is the immune response when a vaccinated individual is infected with the actual pathogen?
2) An individual takes a vaccine for something. What is the benefit to the individual that takes the vaccine?
3)
a) What is an epidemic?
b) A large proportion of society takes a vaccine. Explain why this reduces the chances of an epidemic happening.
4) Which individuals in society should be prioritised for vaccinations?
5) Give a name of a pathogen that has been completely eliminated from the world through vaccinations.
6) Give two negatives of vaccinating individuals.
1)
a) What is contained in a vaccine that is injected into individuals?
b) After an individual has been injected with a vaccine, what do the B-lymphocytes do?
c) What is the immune response when a vaccinated individual is infected with the actual pathogen?
2) An individual takes a vaccine for something. What is the benefit to the individual that takes the vaccine?
3)
a) What is an epidemic?
b) A large proportion of society takes a vaccine. Explain why this reduces the chances of an epidemic happening.
4) Which individuals in society should be prioritised for vaccinations?
5) Give a name of a pathogen that has been completely eliminated from the world through vaccinations.
6) Give two negatives of vaccinating individuals.