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B5: Quiz 7 – Answers
B5: Quiz 7 – Answers
1) The two categories are:
2)
a) Oestrogen inhibits the production of FSH, which means that eggs do not develop/ mature. If no eggs develop/ mature, no eggs are released, thus meaning that no eggs can be fertilised, and a female cannot become pregnant
b) Progesterone causes the production of cervical mucus, which prevents the sperm from reaching the egg
c) It is a very effective way to reduce the chances of pregnancy.
d) Any two from:
3)
a)
i) Implants are inserted under the skin of a female and they release a continuous amount of progesterone
ii) Around 2 to 3 years
b) You do not need to remember to take a pill every day as the implant or injection is already inside you
c) If there are any side effects from the implant or injection, the female will feel them for a very long period of time (whereas for the pill, the side effects should stop very soon after they stop taking the pill)
4)
a) The IUD is inserted into the uterus to kill sperm and prevent the implanting of a fertilised egg
b) Plastic IUDs release progesterone
c) Copper IUDs prevent sperm surviving
5)
a) Barrier methods of contraception prevent the sperm from meeting/ fertilising the egg
b)
i) Condom
ii) Condoms can prevent sexually transmitted diseases/ infections being transferred between sexual partners
c) A diaphragm is a plastic cup that fits over the cervix, which is the entrance to the uterus. It is used with spermicides, which is a substance that kills and disables sperm
6)
a) Around day 12 to 14
b) If the timings are not accurate, there is a very high chance of pregnancy
7)
a) Sterilisation
b)
i) In females, this involves cutting or tying the fallopian tubes, which are the tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus. This prevents eggs entering the uterus
ii) For males, this involves cutting or tying the tubes that carry sperm from the testes to the penis. This prevents sperm coming out of the penis
- Hormonal
- Non-hormonal
2)
a) Oestrogen inhibits the production of FSH, which means that eggs do not develop/ mature. If no eggs develop/ mature, no eggs are released, thus meaning that no eggs can be fertilised, and a female cannot become pregnant
b) Progesterone causes the production of cervical mucus, which prevents the sperm from reaching the egg
c) It is a very effective way to reduce the chances of pregnancy.
d) Any two from:
- It is not 100% effective (there is still a chance of pregnancy)
- There can be side effects such as headaches, missed periods, mood swings, nausea etc.
- You have to remember to take the pill every day
- The pill does not protect against STDs/ STIs
3)
a)
i) Implants are inserted under the skin of a female and they release a continuous amount of progesterone
ii) Around 2 to 3 years
b) You do not need to remember to take a pill every day as the implant or injection is already inside you
c) If there are any side effects from the implant or injection, the female will feel them for a very long period of time (whereas for the pill, the side effects should stop very soon after they stop taking the pill)
4)
a) The IUD is inserted into the uterus to kill sperm and prevent the implanting of a fertilised egg
b) Plastic IUDs release progesterone
c) Copper IUDs prevent sperm surviving
5)
a) Barrier methods of contraception prevent the sperm from meeting/ fertilising the egg
b)
i) Condom
ii) Condoms can prevent sexually transmitted diseases/ infections being transferred between sexual partners
c) A diaphragm is a plastic cup that fits over the cervix, which is the entrance to the uterus. It is used with spermicides, which is a substance that kills and disables sperm
6)
a) Around day 12 to 14
b) If the timings are not accurate, there is a very high chance of pregnancy
7)
a) Sterilisation
b)
i) In females, this involves cutting or tying the fallopian tubes, which are the tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus. This prevents eggs entering the uterus
ii) For males, this involves cutting or tying the tubes that carry sperm from the testes to the penis. This prevents sperm coming out of the penis
Questions
1) There are two different categories that we can put different contraceptive methods in; what are these two categories?
2) Oral contraception is used to control fertility. The pill contains oestrogen and progesterone.
a) How does oestrogen from the pill reduce the chances of pregnancy?
b) How does progesterone from the pill reduce the chances of pregnancy?
c) Give an advantage of the oestrogen and progesterone pill.
d) Give two disadvantages of the oestrogen and progesterone pill.
e) Does the pill protect the individuals from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?
3) Instead of taking the pill, a female can have hormonal implants or hormonal injections.
a)
i) How do implants work?
ii) How long do implants roughly last?
b) What is an advantage of using an implant or injection over taking the pill?
c) What is a disadvantage of using an implant or injection compared to the pill?
4)
a) Explain how an intrauterine device (IUD) works.
b) What hormone do plastic IUDs release?
c) How do copper IUDs reduce the chance of pregnancy?
5) Some of the non-hormonal methods to reduce fertility can be put into a category called barrier methods.
a) Define barrier methods with respect to contraception.
b)
i) What is the name for the barrier method beginning with C that can be used by men to prevent pregnancy?
ii) In addition to preventing pregnancy, give another advantage of the barrier method in your answer to bi?
c) How can a diaphragm be used to reduce the chance of pregnancy? Give the name and role of the chemical that is put on the diaphragm.
6) Another method to reduce the chances of pregnancy is to refrain from having sexual intercourse during times when fertility is the highest for the female.
a) Roughly, what days are the highest for fertility in the menstrual cycle?
b) What is a huge downside of this method?
7) A couple decide that they do not want to have any more children.
a) What is the name of the extreme surgical method that they can use to eliminate the chances of pregnancy? This method can be used for both males and females.
b)
i) Talk about what happens during this procedure for females and explain how this prevents pregnancy.
ii) Talk about what happens during this procedure for males and explain how this prevents pregnancy.
1) There are two different categories that we can put different contraceptive methods in; what are these two categories?
2) Oral contraception is used to control fertility. The pill contains oestrogen and progesterone.
a) How does oestrogen from the pill reduce the chances of pregnancy?
b) How does progesterone from the pill reduce the chances of pregnancy?
c) Give an advantage of the oestrogen and progesterone pill.
d) Give two disadvantages of the oestrogen and progesterone pill.
e) Does the pill protect the individuals from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?
3) Instead of taking the pill, a female can have hormonal implants or hormonal injections.
a)
i) How do implants work?
ii) How long do implants roughly last?
b) What is an advantage of using an implant or injection over taking the pill?
c) What is a disadvantage of using an implant or injection compared to the pill?
4)
a) Explain how an intrauterine device (IUD) works.
b) What hormone do plastic IUDs release?
c) How do copper IUDs reduce the chance of pregnancy?
5) Some of the non-hormonal methods to reduce fertility can be put into a category called barrier methods.
a) Define barrier methods with respect to contraception.
b)
i) What is the name for the barrier method beginning with C that can be used by men to prevent pregnancy?
ii) In addition to preventing pregnancy, give another advantage of the barrier method in your answer to bi?
c) How can a diaphragm be used to reduce the chance of pregnancy? Give the name and role of the chemical that is put on the diaphragm.
6) Another method to reduce the chances of pregnancy is to refrain from having sexual intercourse during times when fertility is the highest for the female.
a) Roughly, what days are the highest for fertility in the menstrual cycle?
b) What is a huge downside of this method?
7) A couple decide that they do not want to have any more children.
a) What is the name of the extreme surgical method that they can use to eliminate the chances of pregnancy? This method can be used for both males and females.
b)
i) Talk about what happens during this procedure for females and explain how this prevents pregnancy.
ii) Talk about what happens during this procedure for males and explain how this prevents pregnancy.