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B6: Quiz 8 – Answers
B6: Quiz 8 – Answers
1) The genome of an organism is entire genetic information for that organism
2) Genetic and environmental
3) Sunlight is causing the variation and the category is environmental variation
4) A mutation is a random change in an organism’s DNA/ genome. The mutation causes a gene to be altered, which leads to a genetic variant (a different version of the same gene). Genes give the instructions for arranging the amino acids to make a protein. A mutation causing a different genetic variant for a gene will result in the amino acids being put together in a different order, which will lead to changes in the protein that the gene codes for.
5) No – most mutations have no effect on the functioning of an organism
6) The gene codes for a protein that produces mucus, sweat and digestive juices. The gene also controls the movement of salt and water in and out of cells. The mutated cystic fibrosis gene means that the protein produced does not work properly. This results in excess mucus that is thicker and stickier than normal mucus being produced in the lungs and the digestive system. This mucus makes it difficult for individuals with cystic fibrosis to breath and digest food.
2) Genetic and environmental
3) Sunlight is causing the variation and the category is environmental variation
4) A mutation is a random change in an organism’s DNA/ genome. The mutation causes a gene to be altered, which leads to a genetic variant (a different version of the same gene). Genes give the instructions for arranging the amino acids to make a protein. A mutation causing a different genetic variant for a gene will result in the amino acids being put together in a different order, which will lead to changes in the protein that the gene codes for.
5) No – most mutations have no effect on the functioning of an organism
6) The gene codes for a protein that produces mucus, sweat and digestive juices. The gene also controls the movement of salt and water in and out of cells. The mutated cystic fibrosis gene means that the protein produced does not work properly. This results in excess mucus that is thicker and stickier than normal mucus being produced in the lungs and the digestive system. This mucus makes it difficult for individuals with cystic fibrosis to breath and digest food.
Questions
1) What is the genome of an organism?
2) What are the two different categories for variation between organisms?
3) Two genetically identical plants are placed in different parts of a field. One of the plants is in the sun and the other is in the shade. The plant that is in the sun has grown larger than the plant that is in the shade. What is causing the variation between the plants, and which out of the two categories for variation does this fit into?
4) What is a mutation and how does a mutation affect the synthesising (building) of a protein?
5) Do the majority of mutations have an effect on the functioning of an organism; yes or no? You do not need to explain your answer.
6) A mutated gene causes cystic fibrosis. Explain what cystic fibrosis is and the effects that it has on the phenotype of individuals with cystic fibrosis?
1) What is the genome of an organism?
2) What are the two different categories for variation between organisms?
3) Two genetically identical plants are placed in different parts of a field. One of the plants is in the sun and the other is in the shade. The plant that is in the sun has grown larger than the plant that is in the shade. What is causing the variation between the plants, and which out of the two categories for variation does this fit into?
4) What is a mutation and how does a mutation affect the synthesising (building) of a protein?
5) Do the majority of mutations have an effect on the functioning of an organism; yes or no? You do not need to explain your answer.
6) A mutated gene causes cystic fibrosis. Explain what cystic fibrosis is and the effects that it has on the phenotype of individuals with cystic fibrosis?