C1: Quiz 11 – Answers
a) Metals are found towards the left and bottom of the periodic table
b) Non-metals are found towards the right and top of the periodic table
2)
a) No/ not really
b) Yes
3) Metals react to form positive ions. Metals towards the left of the periodic table have few electrons in their outermost shell. Metals towards the bottom of the periodic table have electrons in an outer shell that is quite far away from the positively charged nucleus. For both the metals towards the left of the periodic table and the metals towards the bottom of the periodic table, not much energy is needed to remove these electrons in their outermost shells. This means that it is quite easy for these metals to lose their electrons and react to form positive ions.
4) Non-metals appear towards the right and top of the periodic table. For the non-metals towards the right of the periodic table, there are a lot of electrons in their outermost electron shells. In order for these non-metals to become positive ions, they would need to lose a lot of electrons which is unlikely. Also, for the non-metals towards the top of the periodic table, the electrons on the outermost shell are on a closer shell to the positively charged nucleus. This means that there is a strong force of attraction between the electrons on the outermost shell and the positively charged nucleus, which makes it hard for these non-metals to lose the electrons in their outermost shell and become positive ions.
5)
a) A is a metal as it has become a positive ion by losing electrons
b) B is a non-metal as it has become a negative ion by gaining electrons
6) The majority of elements in the periodic table are metals
7) Any 3 from:
- Strong – hard to break
- Malleable – can be bent into different shapes
- Good conductors of heat and electricity
- High melting and boiling points
- High densities
8) Any 3 from:
- Brittle/ not strong – easy to break
- Dull looking
- Very poor conductors of heat and they generally don’t conduct electricity
- Low melting and boiling points – they are usually gases at room temperature
- Low densities
1)
a) Where are the metals found in the periodic table?
b) Where are the non-metals found in the periodic table?
2) You do not need to explain your answers.
a) Do non-metals generally react to form positive ions?
b) Do non-metals generally react to form negative ions?
3) Do metals generally react to form positive or negative ions? Explain how and why they form these ions with respect to their positions in the periodic table.
4) Why is it hard for non-metals to lose electrons?
5) Two elements (A and B) react to produce an ionic compound that is made up of A+ ions and B- ions.
a) Out of A and B, which element is a metal? Explain your answer.
b) Out of A and B, which element is a non-metal? Explain your answer.
6) Are the majority of elements in the periodic table metals or non-metals?
7) Give three characteristics of metals?
8) Give three characteristics of non-metals?