C7: Quiz 3 – Answers
1) Crude oil is made from dead plants and animals (mainly plankton) that were buried in mud millions of years ago. Over millions of years, a high temperature and pressure has caused the remains of the dead plants and animals to turn into crude oil.
2) Any 3 from:
3) A resource that will eventually run out/ a resource that there is a fixed quantity of
4) Longer hydrocarbons have higher melting & boiling points
5)
a) The bottom of the column is the hottest
b) Longer hydrocarbons come out of the bottom of the column
c) The crude oil is heated before it goes into the column. The column is the hottest at the bottom and the coolest at the top. Most of the hydrocarbons in the heated crude oil will be gases, and this means that they rise up the column. The hydrocarbons will continue to rise up the column until they reach a level that is at their boiling point. The longer hydrocarbons have higher boiling points, which means that they will condense into a liquid at a lower level (nearer the bottom of the column). The shorter hydrocarbons have lower boiling points, which means that they will rise further up the column before condensing. After the hydrocarbons have condensed and turned into a liquid, they are drained out of the column.
6) No reactions take place during fractional distillation
2) Any 3 from:
- fuels for transportation & heating
- plastics (polymers)
- lubricants
- detergents
- solvents
3) A resource that will eventually run out/ a resource that there is a fixed quantity of
4) Longer hydrocarbons have higher melting & boiling points
5)
a) The bottom of the column is the hottest
b) Longer hydrocarbons come out of the bottom of the column
c) The crude oil is heated before it goes into the column. The column is the hottest at the bottom and the coolest at the top. Most of the hydrocarbons in the heated crude oil will be gases, and this means that they rise up the column. The hydrocarbons will continue to rise up the column until they reach a level that is at their boiling point. The longer hydrocarbons have higher boiling points, which means that they will condense into a liquid at a lower level (nearer the bottom of the column). The shorter hydrocarbons have lower boiling points, which means that they will rise further up the column before condensing. After the hydrocarbons have condensed and turned into a liquid, they are drained out of the column.
6) No reactions take place during fractional distillation
Questions
1) What is crude oil made from and how was it made?
2) Give 3 uses of crude oil.
3) Crude oil is known as being finite/ non-renewable; what does finite/ non-renewable mean?
4) Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. Out of shorter and longer hydrocarbons, which have the higher melting & boiling points?
5) Fractional distillation is used to separate crude oil into its different fractions.
1) What is crude oil made from and how was it made?
2) Give 3 uses of crude oil.
3) Crude oil is known as being finite/ non-renewable; what does finite/ non-renewable mean?
4) Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. Out of shorter and longer hydrocarbons, which have the higher melting & boiling points?
5) Fractional distillation is used to separate crude oil into its different fractions.
a) Where is the column the hottest; at the top or at the bottom?
b) Do the longer hydrocarbons come out at the top or the bottom of the column?
c) Explain how the fractional distillation column separates the different hydrocarbon fractions.
6) Do any reactions take place during fractional distillation of crude oil?
b) Do the longer hydrocarbons come out at the top or the bottom of the column?
c) Explain how the fractional distillation column separates the different hydrocarbon fractions.
6) Do any reactions take place during fractional distillation of crude oil?