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P1: Quiz 12 – Answers
P1: Quiz 12 – Answers
1)
a) A valley is flooded by building a dam, which creates a reservoir. Water is then let through the dam at a controlled rate. As the water passes through the dam, it turns turbines that are connected to generators, which generates electricity
b) Any 2 from:
2)
a) The two are:
3)
a) A tidal barrage is built across an estuary (an estuary is where a river meets the sea). The water level in an estuary will rise and fall with the tide. There are turbines in the tidal barrage. Water passing through the barrage turns turbines, which generates electricity. The tidal barrage can also hold water on either side of the barrage; either on the sea side or the river side. Water can then be let through the barrage at a controlled rate.
b) Any 2 from:
a) A valley is flooded by building a dam, which creates a reservoir. Water is then let through the dam at a controlled rate. As the water passes through the dam, it turns turbines that are connected to generators, which generates electricity
b) Any 2 from:
- hydroelectric power stations can respond to increases or decreases in electricity demand by letting more or less water through the dam
- the running costs of hydroelectric power stations are very low
- it is a useful way to generate electricity in remote areas
- it is a renewable energy resource
- the initial cost of building a hydroelectric power station is huge
- a large area of land has to be flooded which causes humans and animals to be displaced – there will be a loss of biodiversity
- the flooded vegetation will rot/ decompose which will produce vast quantities of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, so it’s production will result in the enhanced greenhouse effect/ climate change
- if there is a drought, the dam may run out of water and therefore not be able to generate electricity (this is quite unlikely though)
- there are very few locations that are suitable for hydroelectric power stations
2)
a) The two are:
- no pollution is produced when the wave-powered turbines are generating electricity
- wave power is a renewable energy source.
- they cannot respond to increases in electricity demand
- the initial costs are high
- they disturb the seabed which can affect wildlife, habitats and boats
3)
a) A tidal barrage is built across an estuary (an estuary is where a river meets the sea). The water level in an estuary will rise and fall with the tide. There are turbines in the tidal barrage. Water passing through the barrage turns turbines, which generates electricity. The tidal barrage can also hold water on either side of the barrage; either on the sea side or the river side. Water can then be let through the barrage at a controlled rate.
b) Any 2 from:
- it is a renewable energy resource
- no pollution is created when the tidal barrage is generating electricity
- we can predict the times and heights of the tide, so we can predict the amount of electricity that will be generated
- we can respond to an increase in electricity demand by letting more water through the barrage
- the running costs are low
- the initial cost of building a tidal barrage is huge
- the tidal barrage cannot generate electricity four times a day (when the height of water is the same on both sides of the barrage)
- the tidal barrage can affect boats, wildlife and habitats
- they look quite unsightly
Questions
1) We can generate electricity by using a hydroelectric power station.
a) Describe how a hydroelectric power station works.
b) Give 2 advantages of using hydroelectric power stations to generate electricity.
c) Give 3 disadvantages of using hydroelectric power stations to generate electricity.
2) We can use wave-powered turbines to generate electricity.
a) Give 2 advantages of using wave-powered turbines to generate electricity.
b) Give 2 disadvantages of using wave-powered turbines to generate electricity.
3) We can use a tidal barrage with turbines in to generate electricity.
a) Describe how a tidal barrage generates electricity.
b) Give 2 advantages of using tidal barrages with turbines in to generate electricity.
c) Give 2 disadvantages of using tidal barrages with turbines in to generate electricity.
1) We can generate electricity by using a hydroelectric power station.
a) Describe how a hydroelectric power station works.
b) Give 2 advantages of using hydroelectric power stations to generate electricity.
c) Give 3 disadvantages of using hydroelectric power stations to generate electricity.
2) We can use wave-powered turbines to generate electricity.
a) Give 2 advantages of using wave-powered turbines to generate electricity.
b) Give 2 disadvantages of using wave-powered turbines to generate electricity.
3) We can use a tidal barrage with turbines in to generate electricity.
a) Describe how a tidal barrage generates electricity.
b) Give 2 advantages of using tidal barrages with turbines in to generate electricity.
c) Give 2 disadvantages of using tidal barrages with turbines in to generate electricity.