Paper 2 H - SAMPLE SET 1 Q2 Answers
2) In 1929, the astronomer Edwin Hubble observed that the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth had longer wavelengths than expected.
2.1) What name is given to this effect? [1 mark]
2.2) From his observations, Hubble was able to calculate the speed of a galaxy and the distance of the galaxy from the Earth.
Figure 5 shows the results of Hubble’s calculations.
2.1) What name is given to this effect? [1 mark]
2.2) From his observations, Hubble was able to calculate the speed of a galaxy and the distance of the galaxy from the Earth.
Figure 5 shows the results of Hubble’s calculations.
What relationship between the speed of a galaxy and the distance is suggested by Hubble’s results? [1 mark]
The observations made by Hubble support the idea that the Universe is expanding. This means that galaxies are continually moving away from each other and from the Earth.
Figure 6 shows a student using a balloon to model the idea of an expanding Universe.
Some dots, which represent galaxies, were marked on the balloon. The balloon was then inflated.
The observations made by Hubble support the idea that the Universe is expanding. This means that galaxies are continually moving away from each other and from the Earth.
Figure 6 shows a student using a balloon to model the idea of an expanding Universe.
Some dots, which represent galaxies, were marked on the balloon. The balloon was then inflated.
2.3) Give one strength and one weakness of this model in representing the idea of an expanding Universe. [2 marks]
strength _________________________________________
weakness ________________________________________
In the 1950s there were two main theories to explain how the Universe began.
2.4) In what way do the observations made by Hubble support both Theory 1 and Theory 2? [1 mark]
2.5) Most scientists now believe that Theory 2 is correct.
Suggest what is likely to have caused scientists to start thinking Theory 1 is wrong. [1 mark]
(Total for Question 2 = 6 marks)
strength _________________________________________
weakness ________________________________________
In the 1950s there were two main theories to explain how the Universe began.
- Theory 1 - The Universe has always existed, it is continually expanding. New galaxies are formed as older galaxies die out.
- Theory 2 - The Universe began from a very small region that was extremely hot and dense. The Universe has been expanding ever since.
2.4) In what way do the observations made by Hubble support both Theory 1 and Theory 2? [1 mark]
2.5) Most scientists now believe that Theory 2 is correct.
Suggest what is likely to have caused scientists to start thinking Theory 1 is wrong. [1 mark]
(Total for Question 2 = 6 marks)